Once touted as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, vaping is now raising major red flags across the medical community—including among vision experts. At Belmont Eye Center, we’re joining the growing number of ophthalmologists and researchers warning that e-cigarette use can significantly increase the risk of vision problems, from dry eye to permanent vision loss.
According to the National Institutes of Health, more than 11% of U.S. adults still smoke cigarettes, while 4.5% regularly use e-cigarettes—a number that’s steadily increasing. And among young adults, the trend is even more alarming.
Vaping Is Most Common Among Young Adults
Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows that in 2023, 15.5% of adults aged 21 to 24 used e-cigarettes, as did 10.3% of those aged 18 to 20. E-cigarette use declines with age, suggesting that younger generations are the most vulnerable to vaping’s long-term health consequences—including those affecting their eyesight.
The Link Between Smoking, Vaping, and Vision Loss
A landmark study conducted by the World Health Organization, the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, and the University of Newcastle revealed that smokers may develop age-related macular degeneration (AMD) up to 5.5 years earlier than non-smokers. Smoking is also a well-established risk factor for cataracts, which remain a leading cause of blindness worldwide.
But the damage doesn’t stop at traditional cigarettes. Emerging research shows that e-cigarettes may contribute to the same, if not greater, ocular risks. Flavored vape liquids may increase free radicals—damaging molecules that accelerate cellular aging and DNA breakdown in the eyes.
According to the WHO, e-cigarettes can also:
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Reduce blood flow to the eyes
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Alter retinal function
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Contribute to eye cancer risks
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Increase oxidative stress and inflammation
As Jude Stern, head of knowledge management at the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness, puts it:
“Smoking increases your risk of developing serious eye conditions and permanent sight loss. Quitting smoking and having regular eye tests can help improve eye health and prevent avoidable sight loss.”
Dr. Sandra Belmont on the Dangers of Vaping
Dr. Sandra Belmont, founder and medical director of Belmont Eye Center and a leading ophthalmologist in New York City, confirms that the rise in vaping is showing measurable effects in younger patients’ vision health.
“We’re seeing more young adults in our practice who are experiencing chronic eye irritation, dry eyes, and even signs of retinal stress,” Dr. Belmont said. “Many of these patients are otherwise healthy—but they vape regularly.”
She explains that nicotine and other chemicals in e-cigarettes can constrict the eye’s blood vessels and disrupt oxygen flow to sensitive ocular tissues, accelerating age-related changes.
“What many people don’t realize is that even though vape aerosols feel ‘cleaner’ than smoke, they contain toxic compounds—like formaldehyde, propylene glycol, and heavy metals—that can harm your eyes over time.”
Dr. Belmont adds that oxidative stress from vaping may damage the tear film, contributing to persistent dryness and inflammation. In more advanced cases, reduced blood flow to the retina or optic nerve may cause irreversible vision loss.
Prevention and Proactive Eye Care
While symptoms like dryness and irritation can improve once vaping stops, damage to retinal or optic nerve tissues may be permanent if left untreated.
“The earlier someone quits vaping, the better their long-term visual prognosis,” said Dr. Belmont. “And for those who continue, it’s critical to have regular eye exams so we can monitor for early signs of damage.”
She also recommends:
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Using preservative-free lubricating eye drops
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Wearing UV-protective sunglasses outdoors
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Reducing screen time to prevent digital eye strain
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Maintaining a diet rich in antioxidants (like leafy greens and omega-3s)
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Staying hydrated and avoiding environments with dry air or smoke
Final Thoughts from Dr. Belmont
“Vision is precious—and fragile. Many young people don’t realize the long-term impact their choices can have,” Dr. Belmont said. “Vaping might seem harmless now, but the risks are real and often irreversible. If you want to preserve your eyesight for the future, quitting is the smartest thing you can do.”
Protect Your Vision—Book an Exam Today
If you vape or have a loved one who does, don’t wait for symptoms to appear. Schedule a comprehensive eye exam at Belmont Eye Center and take a proactive step toward lifelong eye health.
